How to escape regex special characters when they come inside a variable?

I need to replace the characters in a string for "(" if they´re unique and ")" if they´re repeated. this is the solution i´ve come up with:

text = "arandela 
replace= lambda x : ")" if re.search(rf"^.*({x}.*){{2,}}$",word) else "("
result =  "".join((map(replace,text)))

it works fine until the input has a special character. is there a way to make it work?